| 상대적 이점 | Rogers et al.(1971), Rogers(1983), Ram(1987), 김윤환 외(2010) |
| 적합성 | Rogers et al.(1971), Rogers(1995), Moore et al.(1991) |
| 인지된 위험 | Venkatesh et al.(2003), Thakur et al.(2014), 김수길(2018) |
| 혁신저항 | Ram(1987), Ram and Sheth(1989), Rogers(2003), 김수길(2018) |
| UTAUT | Venkatesh et al.(2003), 전새하 외(2011), Venkatesh et al.(2012), Chang(2013) |